Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

A. S. K. Sankar ¹, P. Shanmugasundaram ¹, B. Datchayani ¹, N. Balakumaran ¹, Mohammed Rilwan ¹, R. Subaranjani ¹, M. Sumithra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS) , Chennai-600117, IN

Abstract

Aim: The aim is to develop simple validated analytical method for analysis of Tofacitinib by UV Spectroscopy and to study the forced degradation and stress conditions have been used to detect the stability of Tofacitinib. Method: Tofacitinib was estimated at 285.9nm. Linearity range was found to be 10-50 mcg/ml. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9996. The molar absorptivity was found to be 12468.77mol/cm. The proposed method Sandell's sensitivity was found to be 0.040410 μg cm²/0.001AU. The limit of detection and quantification were found to be 0.8169 and 2.4755 μg/ ml respectively. The degradation behavior of Tofacitinib was carried out as per the standard procedures and guidelines. Forced acid hydrolytic degradation, alkali degradation and oxidative degradation of was performed in bulk Tofacitinib and laboratory prepared admixtures using 1M Hydrochloric acid up to 48 hrs, in 10 % Hydrogen peroxide up to 48 hrs and for 1.0 M Sodium hydroxide up to 10 min at room temperature. The resulting solutions were analyzed for content by UV spectrophotometry at the maximum absorption of 285.9 n. The assay value of Tofacitinib in bulk and physical admixture was calculated at different time intervals for intraday and interday experiments. Results and Conclusions: The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of tofacitinib in pure and laboratory prepared physical mixtures. The % RSD value of Tofacitinib in bulk and physical admixture was calculated at different time intervals for recovery , precision (Iintraday and Interday experiments) and quantification studies were found to be less than 2 %.

Keywords

Tofacitinib, UV-Spectroscopy, Validation, ICH Guidelines, Isocratic.

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M. Sumithra ¹, Avantika Prabhabanik ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai – 600117, IN
2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai – 600117, IN

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: A study was conducted to evaluate drug utilization of gastrointestinal agents in pediatric and geriatric patients. METHODS: Randomly selected 150 patients of gastrointestinal diseases with 92 male and 58 female of age from 15-58 underwent drug utilization evaluation of gastrointestinal agents. The frequencies of gastrointestinal agents were calculated and compared WHO indicators of DUS (drug utilization study) guidelines. RESULTS: Results include patients on long term gastrointestinal drug therapy on geriartric patient, paediatric patient. It include 92 male and 58 female patients in which 38.66% of female patient was and 61.335 of male patient suffered from gastrointestinal diseases. Out of 150 patients21.33% of patients was treated with pantoprazole,12% of patients was treated with esomeprazole ,28.66% of patients was treated with omeprazole,10.66% of patients was treated with rabeprazole,27.33% of patients was treated with ranitidine. Oral route of administration was more than parenteral administration. Gastritis is occurred more than inflammatory bowel disease, peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease

Keywords

Drug Efficacy, GIT Agents, Proton Pump Inhibitor, Gastritis.

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M. Sumithra ¹, P. Saranya ², D. Yashwitaa ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai – 600117, IN
2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai - 600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai- 600117, IN

Abstract

The aim of the study is to monitor and observe the incidence of intravenous drug administration errors in the general medicine department of a tertiary care hospital. Preparation and administration of the intravenous drugs to in-patients of the general medicine department was monitored by direct observational method. In a total of 329 intravenous administrations, 54.71% of errors were observed in the patient population out of which 74.78% showed at least one error. The results revealed that the flow rate error 45% were more prevalent among the overall study population followed by reconstitution error 26%, wrong mix errors were found to be 23% and incompatibility were found to be 10%. Errors were observed in both intravenous infusions as well as in intravenous bolus injections. Since intravenous administration of drugs have advantages of quicker delivery of drug to the target site via blood, proper care should be taken by nurses and other health care professionals in the IV drug administration. Errors can be minimized by utilising advanced techniques like small infusion smart pumps and automated flow rate infusion set.

Keywords

Bolus, Intravenous Administration, Flow Rate, Medication Error.

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M. Sumithra ¹, Shatabdi Choudhury ¹, L. S. Dhivya ¹, M. Nithiyanand ¹, Jimson Zachariah ¹, Sharmila ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Kasttankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Cataract is the major cause of blindness all over the world, nearly 42% of visual impairment occurs due to diabetic associated complications in the eye. Borreria hispida, belonging to Rubiaceae family was used to treat eye infections by folklore system of medicine in India. This study was aimed to create scientific evidence for the anti-cataract activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Borreria hispida (HAEBH) in diabetes induced cataract using goat lens. Cataract was induced using galactosamine in goat eyes lens. In this study, isolated goat lenses were suspended in bovine serum albumin. Totally sixteen lenses were selected, each group containing four lenses - normal control (distilled water treated lens), galactosamine treated lens, 1mg/ml of the hydroalcoholic extract of Borreria hispida leaves extract treated lens (HAEBH) and finally 1mg/ml of standard drug atropine treated lens. The opacification of lens were monitored in all the sixteen lenses. Among these, the anticataract activity of Borreria hispida was strengthened by the reduction in the deposition of proteins which is involved in the opacification of lens compared to galactosamine treated lens. The extract shown effective anticataract effect similar to that of standard group. The hydroalcoholic extract of Borreria hispida possess anticataract activity may be due to inhibition of Aldose Reductase enzyme involved in the polyol pathway which has a prime role in developing diabetes induced cataract. Further studies has to be carried out to isolate the prominent biomolecule responsible to control diabetes associated cataract.

Keywords

Borreria hispida, Galactosamine, Aldose Reductase, Polyol Pathway.

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Prerna Dubey ¹, M. Sumithra ¹, V. Chitra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) termed as chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract distinct by episodes of reversion and decline. The two identified subtypes of the disease, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease which differ in forms of clinical presentation. Environmental factors, including infections, diet, lifestyle factors, medication use have contributed to alterations in the global prevalence of the disease. Although the exact pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, part of the underlying mechanism is a deregulated host immune response to intestinal flora, in genetically vulnerable Beings. The incidence of IBD is persistently rising in other earlier low incidence areas, such as Asia and the developing world. The annual frequency of CD is highest in North America (20.2 per 100,000, per person-years); whereas the annual occurrence of UC is highest in Europe (24.3 per 100,000 per person-years) Environmental risk factors of IBD is smoking, air water pollution, vitamin D, dietary, NSAID, stress. The newly described Th17 cells are also involved in the gut inflammatory answer in IBD. To understand the pathogenesis of IBD alternative model has been used such as zebrafish, c. elegans, Drosophila. The novel treatment of IBD such as vedolizumab, Etrolizumab, agents targeting specific pathways in IBD, but unfortunately possess life-threatening adverse effect and globally increased cost. This review also focuses on the favourable results from the use of herbal products in the treatment of IBD.

Keywords

Ulcerative, Colitis, Crohn’s, Antioxidant, Vedolizumab, Pathogenesis.

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